For centuries, food production, processing, and distribution were primarily carried out on a local scale. Traditional practices in India were based mainly on tradition, with minimal or no formal regulation of food manufacturing and distribution. Different states in India have distinct rules and standards for maintaining food safety. This lack of uniformity often led to inconsistencies in the quality and safety of food products. With the Introduction of the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) in 2006, the Government of India introduced a uniform legislation to handle the production and manufacturing of food materials, bringing all food-related laws under one umbrella. An FSSAI license is a certificate issued by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India to businesses, ensuring compliance with the required safety standards.
In this guide, we will explore the FSSAI in detail, including types of licenses, eligibility criteria, required documents, and the process for obtaining it.
What is the FSSAI License?
The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) License is a mandatory certification that ensures food businesses comply with the required food safety standards. The FSSAI license essentially serves as your “passport” to legally operate a food business in India.
Why is an FSSAI License Necessary?
- Legal Requirement: An FSSAI license is mandatory under Indian food laws for operating any food business.
- Ensures Food Safety: It confirms that the business maintains proper hygiene and safety standards in food handling and processing.
- Consumer Confidence: A valid license displayed on the premises or packaging increases customer trust and brand credibility.
- Avoids Penalties: Operating without a license can result in fines, imprisonment, or business shutdown, as mandated by law.
- Improves Business Standards: Licensed businesses are more likely to follow regular checks and upgrades in their operations to meet compliance norms.
Who Issues the FSSAI License?
The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) is the authority responsible for issuing FSSAI licenses. It functions under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
Types of FSSAI Licenses
FSSAI issues different types of licenses based on the size, type, and turnover of your food business:
| License Type | Annual Turnover Limit | Applicable for |
| FSSAI Basic Registration | Up to ₹12 lakh | Small-scale food business operators, including local vendors, home-based food producers, and hawkers. |
| FSSAI State License | Between ₹12 lakh and ₹20 crore | Medium-sized food businesses such as restaurants, small manufacturers, and local food processors. |
| FSSAI Central License | Above ₹20 crore | Large-scale food business operators, including those with multi-state operations, importers, or exporters. |
Documents Required
1. FSSAI Basic Registration
- Aadhaar card, PAN card, or Voter ID of the proprietor/owner.
- Utility bill, rental agreement, lease agreement, property tax receipt, or electricity bill for two months
- A recent photograph of the business owner
- Proof of business registration, such as a Partnership Deed or a Company Incorporation Certificate
2. FSSAI State License
- Aadhaar card, PAN card, or Voter ID of the proprietor/owner.
- A recent photograph of the business owner
- Proof of business registration, such as a Partnership Deed or a Company Incorporation Certificate
- Completed Application Form B, in which the business information is detailed
- A detailed layout showing the production area, storage, and processing units.
- A clear inventory of the products you manufacture, process, or sell.
- List of Machinery and Equipment
- No Objection Certificate (NOC) from Local Authorities
- Documentation or certificates that clearly show adherence to food safety practices.
- Water Quality Test Report
3. FSSAI Central License
- All the documents mentioned in the Basic as well as the State Registration
- A detailed Blueprint/Layout of the Manufacturing/Processing Unit that covers all areas of production, storage, and processing.
- Comprehensive List of Products and Ingredients used in the products
- Detailed information about the technology and equipment used in the operation of the business
- Water quality and product safety tests from NABL-accredited labs
- Updated List of Directors/Partners/Proprietors with their addresses, proof, and details of the business’s key shareholders.
- Financial statements or certified documents to substantiate that the turnover of the business exceeds ₹20 crores
- IEC Import/Export Certificate if the business is involved in international trade.
- Advanced Food Safety Management System Report
- ISO, HACCP, or any other quality assurance certificates
- No Objection Certificates (NOC) from the local bodies or regulatory authorities.
Step-by-Step Process to Apply for FSSAI License Online
Step 1: Determine Your Eligibility
Depending on your operations, you will fall into one of three categories:
- Basic Registration: Turnover up to ₹12 lakh.
- State License: Turnover from ₹12 lakh to ₹20 crore.
- Central License: Turnover above ₹20 crore or operates in multiple states, including importers and exporters.
Step 2: Collect the necessary Documents
Every type of FSSAI license has its own set of document requirements. Collect the documents as mentioned above.
Step 3: Register on the FoSCoS Portal
You can apply for an FSSAI license online at the FoSCoS Portal. Register yourself by adding the basic details, and log in to the portal by adding your credentials.
- After logging in, go to “Apply for New License/Registration.”
- Based on your annual turnover and business structure, choose the state of operation and the appropriate category.
Step 4: Complete the Application Form
Depending on your eligibility, you need to fill out one of the following:
- Form A: For basic registration.
- Form B: For state or central licenses.
Enter all the required details, such as your business name, address, contact details, list of food items, and operational timelines. Ensure the information is accurate and matches the supporting documents. In the application form, you will be required to select the number of years for which you want the FSSAI license to remain valid. The license can be obtained for a term of 1 to 5 years.
Step 5: Upload Supporting Documents
Once your form is completed, upload the required documents. These include identification proofs, address proofs, and any additional documents as per your license type.
Step 6: Fee Payment
Pay the applicable fee online. The fee structure is mentioned on the FoSCoS portal:
| Application Type | Basic Registration | State Registration | Central Registration |
| New Application | ₹100 | Generally, varies between ₹2,000 and ₹7,500 per annum. | ₹7500 |
| Renewal Application | ₹100 | Generally, varies between ₹2,000 and ₹7,500 per annum. | ₹7500 |
| Modification of License and Certificate | ₹100 | Generally, varies between ₹2,000 and ₹7,500 per annum. | ₹7500 |
Step 7: Application Verification and Inspection
After you apply, FSSAI officials will verify it. For state and central licenses, a physical inspection of your premises might be conducted to ensure compliance with food safety standards.
Step 8: Receive Your FSSAI License or Registration Certificate
Once your application is approved, you will receive a 14-digit registration or license number. This certificate must be displayed on your business premises and on all food packaging.
Step 9: Maintain Compliance and Renew on Time
After obtaining the License, it is essential to regularly monitor your business operations to ensure compliance with the quality standards. The FSSAI also mandates annual returns for certain types of licenses. It is advisable to renew your license at least 90 days prior to its expiration to avoid any fines or operational disruptions.
Conclusion
An FSSAI license is more than just a regulatory formality; it is a stepping stone for running a food business in India. It assures consumers that the food they consume meets safety and hygiene standards. Whether you are a small vendor or a large enterprise, operating without a valid FSSAI license can lead to penalties, troubles, and loss of reputation for your business. By following the correct procedures and maintaining compliance, you not only protect your business but also contribute to public health.
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