One Person Company Registration in Kolkata

One Person Company Registration in Kolkata

Kolkata has always been a city of ideas, a place where small dreams often turn into big ventures. For many first-time entrepreneurs, managing a business alone can feel risky. That’s where a One Person Company or OPC steps in. It lets one person start a company with all the legal benefits of a private limited firm, but without the need for a partner. The best part is that your personal assets stay protected, and the company stands as a separate legal identity. From freelancers and consultants to shop owners and online sellers, anyone in Kolkata can now build a registered, credible business with complete ownership and control.

What is a One Person Company (OPC)?

A One Person Company (OPC) is a type of private limited company incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013, in which only a single individual manages and runs the company. The company itself becomes a separate legal entity. It can own property, sign contracts, have its own bank account, and handle legal matters independently in its own name.

OPC registration in India is governed by the Companies Act, 2013, which sets the rules for registration, management, and compliance.

In Kolkata, an OPC is best for:

• Individuals
• Freelancers
• Professionals
• Small business owners who run shops, online stores, or service-based businesses
• Tech entrepreneurs
• Traders and retailers
• Consultants and Trainers

Eligibility Criteria to incorporate an OPC in Kolkata

To form an OPC in Kolkata, the following eligibility criteria must be met:

• The owner must be a resident of India. It means the owner must have stayed in India for at least 120 days during the previous financial year.
• The owner must be at least 18 years old and legally capable of entering into a contract.
• Only one person can be the director and shareholder of the OPC.
• The company must also have one nominee, who will take over the company in
• The shareholder has to be a human being. A company cannot be a shareholder of an OPC.
• The annual turnover of the business must not exceed ₹2 crore.
• You cannot form more than one OPC at a time.

Advantages of OPC Registration in Kolkata

1. Limited liability: Personal assets of the owner are protected from business losses.
2. Single ownership:  No need for a partner to start the company.
3. Separate legal identity: The company can own property, open bank accounts, and enter into contracts in its own name.
4. Credibility: Since the company is registered, it gains trust from banks, clients, and investors and becomes eligible to obtain a loan.
5. Simpler compliance: Very few compliances as compared to a private limited company.
6. Continuity: The Company continues even if the owner passes away; the nominee takes over the business.
7. Growth: An OPC can be converted into a private or public limited company if turnover or business size increases.
8. Tax benefits: OPCs enjoy similar tax benefits as private limited companies under Indian law.

Documents Required for OPC Registration in Kolkata

1. PAN card, Aadhaar card, Passport of the director and nominee.
2. Utility bills, rental agreement/lease agreement/ or sale deed or any other property ownership proof of the director and nominee
3. Recent passport-sized photographs of the director and the nominee.
4. Proof of the registered office of the company in Kolkata. You can attach a utility bill or an NOC from the property owner if the property is rented.
5. Memorandum of Association (MOA)
6. Articles of Association (AOA).
7. Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) of the director and the nominee.
8. Director Identification Number (DIN) of the director.

Online Process of OPC Registration in Kolkata

Step 1: Obtain a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)

The DSC is used to sign documents that need to be submitted online. It is obtained from the government-recognised certifying authorities.

Step 2: Obtain a Director Identification Number (DIN)

The MCA assigns each director of a firm a unique identification number known as a DIN.  Each director has a different and new number. The SPICe+ Form on the MCA portal is used to submit the DIN application.

Step 3: Reserve a Company Name

Once you obtain DSC and DIN, you need to file the application for reserving the company’s name. The name must be new, unique, and not similar to any existing company. An application in the form SPICe+ form for name reservation must be submitted after proposing 2 names in the priority order online at the MCA portal. The name will be reserved for 20 days from the date of approval by the MCA.

Step 4: Prepare the Memorandum of Association (MoA)

Once the name of your company is approved, the next step is to prepare the Memorandum of Association (MoA). The MoA defines the goal, objectives, scope of activities of the company, what your company is formed to do and how it plans to function.

Step 5: Draft the Articles of Association (AoA)

The Articles of Association (AoA) act as a rulebook for your company. It sets out how the company will be managed internally. It defines the power of the director over how meetings and decision-making will take place. It also covers important details such as share capital, voting rights, and administration.

 Step 6: Submit the incorporation documents with the Registrar of Companies (ROC)

After drafting the MoA and AoA, you will need to file them online with the Registrar of Companies (ROC) through the MCA portal.

• The MoA is filed in Form INC-33.
• The AoA is filed in Form INC-34.

You also need to attach the following documents, pay the government fees, and upload the nominee’s consent form.

• Identity and Address Proof of Director and Shareholder(s)
• Proof of the Registered Office Address
• Consent and declaration by the director and the shareholder – Form INC- 9

Step 7: Appoint a Nominee

In an OPC, it is mandatory to appoint a nominee.

A nominee is someone who will take over the company if the sole owner passes away or becomes unable to run the business.

Before being appointed, the nominee must provide written consent in Form INC-3 confirming their willingness to act as a nominee. This consent is then submitted along with the incorporation documents to the MCA.

Step 8: Obtain a Certificate of Incorporation

When RoC verifies all the compliance requirements of the company and all the documents, a Certificate of Incorporation will be issued by the ROC. The certificate officially states that the OPC is incorporated, officially marking the formation of your OPC. The certificate includes the Corporate Identification Number (CIN), which is the unique Identification number for each company. 

Step 9: Open a Bank Account

After applying for a PAN and TAN, a new bank account in the company's name must be opened to enable the company to conduct financial transactions.

Compliances for OPCs in Kolkata

Incorporating an OPC is not enough; it has to file the following every year to legally operate in India:

• File the financial statements
• Conduct a statutory audit
• File the Annual Return
• File the DIR-3 KYC form
• File the Tax returns
• File the GST returns (if registered)

Why Choose Kanakkupillai for OPC Registration in Kolkata?

Kanakkupillai is a trusted name in business registration services with years of experience guiding entrepreneurs across India. We provide:

• Expert assistance in OPC registration and documentation
• Step-by-step guidance for compliance and post-registration filings
• Transparent services with no hidden costs
• Fast and hassle-free processing through the MCA portal
• Local support in Kolkata for queries and legal requirements
• Assistance in obtaining DSC, DIN, and bank account setup
• End-to-end services from name reservation to incorporation